北京市某信息技术企业人员肌肉骨骼系统疾患的调查

Investigation on musculoskeletal diseases of employees in an information technology enterprise in Beijing

目的了解北京市某信息技术企业人员的肌肉骨骼系统疾患情况。方法2018年采用肌肉骨骼系统疾患调查表,对512名调查对象颈部、肩部、背部、肘部、腰部、手腕、手指、髋臀部、膝部和踝足部的肌肉骨骼系统疾患进行横断面调查。结果信息技术人员的颈部(62.1%)、肩部(55.3%)和腰部(49.6%)是肌肉骨骼疾患患病率最高的部位;男性颈部(49.2%)、肩部(46.9%)和腰部(39.5%)肌肉骨骼系统疾患患病率均低于女性,且差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);11~15年工龄组的工作人员颈部(80.6%)、肩部(77.8%)和腰部(69.4%)肌肉骨骼系统疾患患病率最高,且各患病部位不同工龄组患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);31~35岁年龄组的工作人员颈部(73.6%)和腰部(62.6%)患病率最高,且颈部和腰部不同年龄组之间患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);加班时间>10 h组的工作人员颈、肩和腰部患病率最高,且不同加班时间组颈部和腰部患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);使用电脑时间>8 h组的工作人员颈和肩部患病率最高,且不同使用电脑时间组颈部和腰部患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);工作紧张的工作人员颈部(67.1%)、肩部(63.3%)和腰部(60.8%)肌肉骨骼系统疾患患病率最高,且不同紧张程度组之间患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论信息技术工作人员颈、腰和肩3个部位易发生肌肉骨骼系统疾患,其中颈部是最容易发生疾患的部位,不同个体特征的工作人员肌肉骨骼系统疾患患病率不同,其影响因素为工龄和年龄。

Objective To understand the situation of musculoskeletal diseases among employees in an information technology enterprise in Beijing.Methods In 2018,across-sectional survey on 512 subjects was performed by the musculoskeletal diseases questionnaire,to investigate the musculoskeletal disorders in neck,shoulder,back,elbow,waist,wrist,finger,hip,hip,hip,knee,ankle and foot.Results The prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases in neck(62.1%),shoulder(55.3%)and waist(49.6%)were the highest among information technology personnel.The prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases in neck(49.2%),shoulder(46.9%)and waist(39.5%)in males were lower than those in females,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases in neck(80.6%),shoulder(77.8%)and waist(69.4%)were the highest among employees with 11-15 working years,and the differences in the prevalence rates of location of disease were statistically significant among different working age groups(all P<0.05).The prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases in neck(73.6%)and waist(62.6%)were the highest among employees aged 31-35 years old,and the differences in the prevalence rates of neck and waist were statistically significant among different age groups(all P<0.05).The prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases in neck,shoulder and waist were the highest among employees who had worked overtime for more than 10 hours,and the differences in the prevalence rates of neck and waist were statistically significant among the different groups of working overtime(all P<0.05).The prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases in neck and shoulder were the highest among employees who had used the computer more than 8 hours,and the differences in the prevalence rates of neck and waist were statistically significant among the different groups of using computer time(P<0.05).The prevalence rates of musculoskeletal diseases in neck(67.1%),shoulder(63.3%)and waist(60.8%)were the highest among employees with tense work,and there were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rates among the groups with different degrees of stress(P<0.05).Conclusion Information technology workers are prone to musculoskeletal diseases in three parts:neck,waist and shoulder,of which neck is the most vulnerable part.The prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases is different among workers with different individual characteristics.The influencing factors are length of service and age.