内导叶滚筒式收鱼机设计与实验

Design and Experiment of Internal Guide Vane Drum Machine for Fishing

针对深海域网箱养殖人工收鱼效率低、且劳动强度大,吸鱼泵等传统收鱼装置鱼损率高、需要装备大功率发电系统、不适合中小型收鱼船作业等问题设计了内导叶滚筒式收鱼机。对该装置的主体结构进行仿真,确定了主体结构发生最大等效应力和应力集中的位置,根据仿真结果进一步优化结构,并试制了实验装置。通过实验得出最优控制方案,即在倾角10°、转速15.3 r/min情况下,有效输送量与功耗比最优,且滚筒在不同倾角下最优转速为15 r/min,实验鱼损率为0.1%,满足用户要求。该装置能在保证一定收鱼效率的同时降低鱼损率,适合中小型渔船收鱼作业。

In deep sea area,fishing in large cage aquaculture is low efficiency and high labor intensity,and the fish injure rate of fishing appliances such as fish pump is high,so it needs to be equipped with high-power generation system,which is not suitable for small and medium sized fishing boats.An internal guide vane drum machine was designed for fishing which had lower power consumption by the screw conveying principles.And there was no such appliance in marine aquaculture.According to the structure simulation,the relationship between deformation,equivalent stress,speed and dip angle was got,as well as the position where had the maximum equivalent stress between the drum s surface helical vane and drum s inner wall was located.As the simulation shown,stress concentration occurred in support shell of binding force in bearing.The experimental setup was designed and optimized according to the simulation results.When the length of the drum was certain,the potential energy of transported fish was related to different dip angle.The transmission rate to fish potential energy was defined as the appliance effective transmission.A special formula can be used to be the criterion of optimizing the control scheme.The numerator of this formula was an interpolation equation of effective transmission rate at different speeds.The denominator of this formula was an interpolation equation of power consumption at different speeds.The reliability,power consumption and fish injure rate experiments were conducted.The results demonstrated that there was an optimal control scheme under certain constraints,it was the drum with parameters of 10°dip angle and 15.3 r/min speed.Moreover,the optimized rotating speed of the drum was 15 r/min under different dips.The experimental results showed a lower fish injure rate of 0.1%,which improved the quality of fishing.