系统功能语法视角下美国霸权外交的批评话语分析

The Critical Discourse Analysis of U.S. Hegemonic Diplomacy from the Aspect of Systemic Functional Grammar

基于系统功能语法理论,从概念功能、人际功能、语篇功能三个层面对特朗普2018年在第73届联合国一般性辩论上的演讲进行批评话语分析。采用定性与定量相结合的方法,探讨演讲中及物性、情态、人称代词和名物化、被动化这些语言现象背后的意识形态。研究发现:概念功能中物质过程、关系过程出现较多,用于塑造正面的美国国家形象;人际功能中第一人称代词使用较多,目的是拉拢盟友和增强话语权;语篇功能中名物化和被动化意在合法化其外交政策。

Based on the theory of Systemic Functional Grammar,the critical discourse analysis of Donald Trump′s address at the general debate of 73th sessions of the UN General Assembly was carried out at three levels of ideational function,interpersonal function and textual function.With a qualitative and quantitative analysis,linguistic phenomena of transitivity,modality,personal pronouns,nominalization and passivization were explored to reveal the hidden ideology.It found in terms of ideational function,the dominant type of material process and relational process is utilized to construct positive American national image;interpersonal function the frequent use of first personal pronoun is aimed to win over partners and strengthen its discourse power;textual function nominalization and passivization are used to legitimize American diplomatic policies.