过渡期护理对缓解期哮喘患儿自我管理的影响

Effect of transitional nursing on self-management of children patients with asthma in remission

目的探讨过渡期护理对缓解期哮喘患儿自我管理的影响。方法选取2017年1-12月到我院就诊的哮喘患儿50例为研究对象,给患儿及家长发放自行设计调查问卷收集相关数据,包括患儿的自我管理行为、家长知识了解程度、哮喘发作及误学情况,通过12个月过渡期护理干预后,于干预前后进行自身对照。结果干预后患儿饮食、运动、避免接触过敏原、哮喘发作的识别及处理、服药的自我管理行为评分均高于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05);干预后患儿家长疾病及预防知识、用药知识、监测患儿病情及急救处理知识得分均高于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05);干预后患儿哮喘发作次数、急诊就诊次数、静脉用药次数、住院次数及误学天数均少于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论过渡期护理能提高和改善哮喘患儿的自我管理行为,促进其规范治疗,提高生活质量,达到有效控制哮喘的目的。

Objective To discuss the effect of transitional nursing on self-management of children patients with asthma in remission. Methods To select 50 cases of children patients with asthma who came to our hospital from January to December 2017 as a study object,and self-designed questionnaires were distributed to children and parents to collect relevant data,including children’s self-management behaviors,parental knowledge,asthma attacks,and missing learning in school. Self-control before and after intervention was implemented after 12 months of transitional nursing intervention. Results The children’s diet,exercise,avoiding allergen exposure,identification and management of asthma attacks,and self-management behavior scores of medication after the intervention were higher than those before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). After the intervention,the scores of disease and prevention knowledge,medication knowledge,monitoring of the children’s condition and emergency treatment knowledge in the parents of the children patients were higher than those before the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). After the intervention,the number of asthma attacks,times of emergency department visits,times of intravenous medications,times of hospitalizations,and days of missing learning in school were less than those before the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Transitional nursing could enhance and improve the self-management behavior of children patients with asthma,promote their standardized treatment,improve the quality of life,and achieve the purpose of effective control of asthma.