隧道爆破未爆残药影响因素分析

Analysis of influence factors of unexploded cartridges in tunnel blasting

针对隧道爆破在初次应用数码电子雷管过程中,频发雷管爆炸而药卷残留炸药未爆的现象,通过对雷管尺寸、延时时间、人员以及环境因素的对比分析,发现雷管长度和延时时间为关键因素,于是提出采用起爆药包雷管居中、减小孔间延时、孔底反向起爆、密实连续装药等方法,促进爆轰产生和稳定传递,有效控制了药卷出现残药的情况。其对于使用同类型雷管的小直径药卷爆破具有普遍的参考意义。

Aiming at the phenomenon of tunnel blasting during the first application of digital electronic detonators,frequently the detonator exploded and the cartridge were not exploded.Through a comparative analysis of detonator dimension,delay time,operators,and environmental factors,it is found that the detonator length and hole to hole delay time are the key factors.Therefore,it is proposed to center detonator in cartridge,to reduce the delay time between holes,to initiate explosive with bottom reversed primer,to charge each cartridge closely.All the measures promoted detonation formation and stable propagation,and finally effectively controlled the occurrence of residual unexploded explosive in blasting.The analysis presents universal reference significance for the blasting of small-diameter cartridges using the same type of detonator.