从能力验证结果看我国土壤重金属元素检测情况

Viewing the detection of heavy metals in soil in China from the results of proficiency testing

根据2013-2018年期间土壤重金属元素(Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As)检测能力验证项目实验室参与情况,对各重金属元素检测的评价结果及采用的标准和检测方法进行了综合比较,分析了我国土壤中重金属检测的水平和发展趋势。结果表明,2013-2018年,我国土壤重金属检测实验室的检测水平逐年提高,参与能力验证的评价结果不满意率从2013年的8.6%降到了2018年的3.8%;获得认可的实验室能力验证平均满意率为92.9%,而非认可实验室平均满意率为88.3%;实验室检测所采用的标准以国家标准和环境标准为主,分别有57%和20%的实验室采用,其次是地矿、城建和农业等行业标准,国际标准的采用渐呈增长趋势,能达到4%。

According to the participations of laboratories in proficiency testing projects for the detection of heavy metals(including Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As)in soil from 2013 to 2018,the evaluation results of the detection of heavy metal elements as well as the corresponding standards and detection methods were comprehensively compared.The level and development trend for the detection of heavy metals in soil in China were analyzed.The results showed that from 2013 to 2018,the detection level of laboratories for heavy metal detection in soil increased year by year in China.Meanwhile,the dissatisfaction rate of evaluation results of participating in proficiency test decreased from 8.6%in 2013 to 3.8%in 2018.The average satisfactory rate of accredited laboratory proficiency testing was 92.9%,and the average satisfaction rate of non-accredited laboratories was 88.3%.The detection standards used in laboratories were mainly national standards and environmental standards,which were employed in 57%and 20%of laboratories,respectively.Secondly,the industrial standards such as geology,urban construction and agriculture were used.Moreover,the adoption of international standards showed gradually increasing trend and the proportion was up to 4%.