外部环境变迁、服务动机激励与基层公务员变革行为——基于中国4省基层公务员调查的混合研究

External Environment Change,Service Motivation Activation,Promotion of Street-leve Public Servants’ Change-oriented Behavior: A Mixed Study from Street-Level Public Servants in Four Provinces

新时代,全面深化改革进入深水区、攻坚期,变革行为俨然成为基层公务员适应新时代高素质干部队伍建设要求的典型行为模式。那么,新时代外部环境和服务动机的一系列变化如何综合作用于基层公务员的变革行为及心理?论文从行为公共管理视角出发,基于自我决定理论设计“环境认知—心理机制—行为表现”的混合研究思路:聚焦42名基层公务员进行扎根理论研究,“捕捉”出新时代影响基层公务员变革行为的核心要素——制度环境、领导授权、公共服务动机、变革承诺;同时,对多来源、多阶段获取的635套“领导-下属”匹配数据进行结构方程建模分析,研究发现:制度环境、领导授权、公共服务动机通过增强基层公务员的变革承诺来激励其变革行为。论文呈现了新时代基层公务员变革行为的多重激励逻辑,拓展了自我决定理论在基层公务员变革行为激励方面的有效应用,为新时代建设干事创业、担当作为的高素质基层干部队伍提供政策和管理启示。

In the new era,the reforms have entered deep-water areas and a hardship period has ensued.Change-oriented behavior has become a typical behavioral model for street-level public servants to meet the requirements of high-quality street-level public servants.Then,how does a series of changes in the external environment and service motivation shape street-level public servants change-oriented behaviors and psychological mechanisms?To answer this question,this studyused a mixed research approach,combining“Environmental cognition-Psychological mechanism-Behavior performance”from the perspective of behavioral public administration perspective and on the basis of self-determination theory.Using grounded theory research to observe 42 street-level public servants,the key factors of their change-oriented behavior included:institutional environment,empowering leadership,commitment to change,and public service motivation.Moreover,structural equation modeling and the analysis of 635 sets of leader-subordinate matching data from multiple sources and stages revealed that institutional environment,leadership empowerment,and public service motivation,motivates street-level public servants change-oriented behaviors by enhancing their commitment to change.This research presentsa multiple incentive logic of street-level public servants change-oriented behaviors in China s new era and expands the application of self-determination theory(SDT)for the change-oriented behavioral incentives of street-level public servants.The multiple incentive mechanism for street-level public servants change-oriented behavior provides feasible management and policy recommendations for the construction of street-level public servants with high quality.