超声在围手术期患者体外膜肺氧合治疗中的应用价值

Application value of ultrasound in treatment of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in perioperative patients

体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)是一种心肺支持技术,其通过转流右心房的血液到体外氧合后重新输入体内,可在中短期内对心肺功能的恢复进行支持辅助,在心肺重症患者的治疗中发挥了作用。床旁超声为非侵入性检查,可进行重复观测,成为围手术期间的重要监测手段。本文从超声在ECMO应用期间对适应证及ECMO模式的选择、对ECMO插管期间的指导、支持治疗期间及脱机时心功能的监测等方面,综述了目前超声在静脉-动脉模式ECMO和静脉-静脉模式ECMO支持治疗中的应用状况。

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)is a cardiopulmonary support technique,which supports and assists the recovery of cardiopulmonary function in the short to medium term by transfering blood from the right atrium to the cardiopulmonary oxygenation and then re-entering the body.The application of ECMO has shown its advantages in the treatment of more and more patients with severe cardiopulmonary.As a non-invasive examination,bedside ultrasound can be observed repeatedly and has become an important monitoring method during perioperative period.Through the selection of indications and ECMO mode during the application of ECMO,the guidance during the intubation of ECMO,the monitoring of cardiac function during the supportive treatment and during weaning,the present application of ultrasound in the veno-arterial mode ECMO and veno-venous mode ECMO supportive treatment were introduced.