深圳市龙华区中小学生肥胖人群发生OSAHS的相关危险因素分析

Analysis of OSAHS related risk factors in primary and secondary school students with obesity in Longhua district, Shenzhen

目的探讨深圳市龙华区中小学生肥胖人群发生阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的相关危险因素。方法选择深圳市龙华区中小学生肥胖人群共410例为研究对象。根据患者呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)结果将其分为OSAHS组(195例)和非OSAHS组(215例),记录所有患者体质发育情况、血压、血脂、肝功能指标、血糖、PSG睡眠监测等指标。对OSAHS组患者按严重程度区分,分析不同严重度OSAHS患者临床资料特点及相关高危因素。结果OSAHS组患者颈围、DBP、FPG、2h PG、HbA1c、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)及三酰甘油(TAG)值均明显高于非OSAHS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同程度OSAHS患者年龄、BMI、颈围、腰围、SBP、DBP、FPG及HbA1c值不同,且随着程度加重而增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示,校正年龄、性别的影响后,BMI、颈围、DBP和FPG是本研究人群的OSAHS发生的高危因素(OR值>1,P<0.05)。结论导致深圳市龙华区中小学生肥胖人群发生OSAHS的代谢相关高危因素是BMI、颈围的增加,DBP和FPG的升高,应早期采取有效干预措施,预防或延缓OSAHS额发展。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)in primary and secondary school students with obesity in Longhua district,Shenzhen.Methods A total of 410 obese primary and secondary school students in Longhua district,Shenzhen were selected as research objects.According to the results of apnea hypopnea index(AHI),they were divided into the OSAHS group(195 cases)and the non-OSAHS group(215 cases),and their physical development,blood pressure,blood lipids,liver function indicators,blood glucose status,PSG sleep monitoring and other indicators were recorded.The patients in the OSAHS group were classified according to severity,and the clinical data characteristics and related risk factors of OSAHS patients with different severity were analyzed.Results The values of neck circumference,DBP,FPG,2 h PG,HbA1 c,ALT,AST and TAG in the OSAHS group were significantly higher than those in the non-OSAHS group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The age,BMI,neck circumference,waist circumference,SBP,DBP,FPG and HbA1 c values of OSAHS patients with different degrees were different and increased with the aggravation of OSAHS,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that BMI,neck circumference,DBP and FPG were the risk factors of OSAHS in this study group after adjusting for the effects of age and gender(OR value>1,P<0.05).Conclusion The metabolism-related risk factors that lead to OSAHS in primary and middle school students with obesity in Longhua district of Shenzhen are the increase of BMI,neck circumference,DBP and FPG.Therefore,effective intervention measures should be taken early to prevent or delay the development of OSAHS.