重庆市渝中区成年居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病情况及影响因素研究

Study on the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its influencing factors in adult residents in Yuzhong District of Chongqing

目的调查重庆市渝中区40岁及以上居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)及其相关因素的流行情况与变化趋势,为制订COPD防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,分别抽取渝中区3个街道的6个社区600户家庭中共计600名40岁以上常住居民,开展问卷调查和肺功能检测,根据肺功能检测结果和调查对象意愿再进行生活质量评估测试和胸部X线片检查。结果共600人参与调查,全部完成肺功能检测,符合COPD诊断标准75人,患病率为12.50%,男性患病率明显高于女性(21.74%vs.6.76%,χ2=29.109,P<0.05),随年龄增长患病率逐渐增高(χ2=21.207,P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,性别、年龄、婚姻状况、吸烟史、吸烟系数、吸烟年限、既往肺病疾病史对COPD的患病有影响;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、高年龄、高吸烟系数、既往肺病疾病史是COPD的危险因素。结论该地区居民COPD患病率较高,患病危险因素较多,需加强健康教育,推广规范的肺功能检测,早诊断、早治疗。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and trend of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and its related factors in residents aged 40 and over in the Yuzhong district of Chongqing,in order to provide scientific references for the formulation of prevention and control strategies for COPD.Methods Using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method,600 permanent residents aged 40 years old and over in six communities in three streets of Yuzhong District were selected,and questionnaires surveys and lung function tests were conducted.The quality of life assessment test and chest X-ray examination were performed according to the results of lung function test and the intention of the subjects.Results A total of 600 people participated in the survey,and all of them completed the lung function test.Among them,75 people diagnosed with COPD,and the prevalence rate was 12.50%.The prevalence rate of males was significantly higher than that of females(21.74%vs.6.76%,χ2=29.109,P<0.05),and the prevalence rate gradually increased with age(χ2=21.207,P<0.05).The univariate analysis showed that gender,age,marital status,smoking history,smoking coefficient,length of smoking,and history of lung disease had an impact on COPD disease.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that males,high age,high smoking coefficient and history of lung disease were the main risk factors for COPD.Conclusion The prevalence of COPD in this area is relatively high,and there are many risk factors for the disease.It is necessary to strengthen health education,promote standardized lung function testing,and improve early diagnosis and treatment.