我国高校分类管理政策变迁的制度逻辑:结构特征、路径依赖与动力机制

The Institutional Logic of Policy Changes of Chinese Classified Management of Colleges and Universities: Structure Characteristics,Path Dependence and Dynamic Mechanism

从历史制度主义的视角审视,新中国成立以来我国高校分类管理政策经历了由强制性到诱致性的变迁过程。我国高校分类管理政策与制度场域具有紧密的耦合结构和独特的结构特征,结构特征决定了政策的形成机制、变迁方向和路径依赖。制度场域形塑了政策的相关主体行为,同时相关行为主体也以自身能动性阻碍或推动了政策的变迁。为此,需要通过转变政府职能、强化竞争意识、明确高校核心职能定位和完善高校评价体系等管理方法,促进高校分类发展。

The policies of classified management of colleges and universities has changed from mandatory to inductive since the founding of PRC from the perspective of historical institutionalism.There is a close coupling structure with unique features between the policies of classified management and the system field.The structural features determine the formation mechanism,change direction and path dependence of the policies.The system field shapes the stakeholders behavior,while the stakeholders impede or promote the change of policies by their own initiative.Therefore,we should promote the classified development of colleges and universities by changing the functions of governments,strengthening the competitive spirit,clearly defining the core functions of colleges and universities,and improving the evaluation system of colleges and universities.