返贫问题研究40年：脉络、特征与趋势

40 Years of Research on Poverty-Returning:Context,Characteristics and Trend

如何破解并阻断返贫风险对于巩固脱贫成果,实施乡村振兴战略具有重要意义。通过对1979年以来中国社会科学引文数据库(CSSCI)返贫文献进行词频分析,将我国返贫研究分为以农村救济式扶贫研究为主、以农村开发式扶贫研究为主和以农村精准脱贫研究为主3个阶段。研究表明:40年我国返贫研究呈现六大特征:文献呈波动上升趋势;研究者以西部最多,东部次之;研究主题聚集于主体、政策、产业和生态4个关键词;学科视角以经济管理为主;研究对象以政府和返贫户为主;研究方法多样以案例和量化分析为主。最后从深化返贫前因、返贫防治和预警机制、融入乡村振兴战略、互联网赋能返贫和加强返贫交叉学科等方面提出返贫研究的未来趋势。

How to crack and block the risk of returning to poverty is of great significance for the consolida⁃tion of the fruits of poverty alleviation and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.This paper an⁃alyzes the word frequency of literature on the return of poverty in the Chinese Social Science Citation Database(CSSCI)since 1979,and divides China’s research on returning to poverty into three stages:rural relief-based poverty alleviation research,rural development-oriented poverty alleviation research,and rural precision pover⁃ty alleviation research.The study shows six characteristics in research on returning to poverty:The literature shows a volatility upward trend;The researchers are mostly from the west followed by scholars from the east;The research themes focus on four key words:subject,policy,industry,and ecology;Most research is conduct⁃ed from the perspective of economics and management;The reasearch objects are mainly government and poor households;While research methods are diverse,case studies and quantitative analysis are most frequently used.Finally,the future trend of returning to poverty research is proposed from the aspects of deepening the an⁃ti-poverty cause,returning to poverty prevention and early warning mechanism,integrating rural revitalization strategy,Internet empowerment and poverty alleviation and strengthening the cross-discipline studies on re⁃turning to poverty.