“率性之谓道”:《中庸》的古典生命哲学思想及其教育意蕴

“To Follow Our Nature Is Called Dao”: The Classical Life Philosophy and the Meaning of Education Contained in The Doctrine of the Mean

《中庸》是一部蕴含丰富生命哲学思想的儒家古典著作。开宗明义的“天命之谓性,率性之谓道,修道之谓教”三句话从天、命、性、道、教之间的关系谈起,既从本体论的层面探讨了生命的起源与发展,也从实践观的角度阐明了生命如何实现的问题。其中,“率性之谓道”承接“天命之谓性”和“修道之谓教”,蕴含顺应自然天性、激发主观能动性、展现自由本性等生命哲学思想的同时,也体现了十分深刻的教育意蕴。

The Doctrine of the Mean is a classical Confucian work with rich philosophy of life.Starting from the relationship between heaven,destiny,nature,Tao and education,the three sentences of“What destiny imparts man is called human nature,to follow our nature is called Tao,to improve Dao is called education”have explored the origin and development of life from the ontological level as well as the realization of life from the practical point of view.“To follow our nature is called Dao”connects“What destiny imparts man is called human nature”and“To improve Dao is called education”.It contains life philosophy ideas including conforming to natural nature,stimulating subjective initiative and showing free nature.At the same time,it also embodies very profound educational implication.