345例儿童癫痫和癫痫综合征发作类型临床分析

Analysis of the seizure types of 345 children with epilepsy and epilepsy syndrome

目的探讨儿童癫痫和癫痫综合征发作类型的分布。方法回顾分析2018年2-8月在2家医院儿童癫痫专科门诊就诊的345例患儿的临床资料,并按照最新分类方案统计发作类型的分布情况。结果345例癫痫患儿中男176例、女169例;癫痫起病年龄<3岁145例(42.0%),~6岁96例(27.8%),~12岁97例(28.1%),~18岁7例(2.0%)。345例患儿中未归为癫痫综合征159例(46.1%),发作类型为局灶性发作83例(52.2%)、全面性发作74例(46.5%)、起始不明发作2例(1.3%);可诊断为癫痫综合征186例(53.9%),伴中央颞区棘波儿童良性癫痫63例(33.9%)、良性婴儿癫痫24例(12.9%)、婴儿痉挛18例(9.7%)、Dravet综合征18例(9.7%)及儿童失神癫痫13例(7.0%),发作类型为局灶性发作146例次(58.6%)、全面性发作103例次(41.4%)。结论儿童癫痫发病以婴幼儿期最多,局灶性发作较全面性发作多,半数患儿诊断为癫痫综合征。

Objective To understand further clinical characteristics of childhood epilepsy.Methods Clinical data of 345 children with epilepsy visited to two childhood epilepsy specialist clinics in the city of Xi'an during 6 months were retrospectively analyzed.New classification method was used to summarize the onset type.Results Among 345 cases of epilepsy,176 cases were male and 169 cases were female.The age of onset of epilepsy was between 1 month to 18 years old.Children with age of younger than 3 years old were 145 cases(42.0%),3~6 years old 96 cases(27.8%),6~12 years old 97 cases(28.1%),and 12~18 years old 7 cases(2.0%).In this study,159 cases(46.0%)were not classified as epilepsy syndrome,their distribution according to seizure types were as follows:focal seizures were 83 cases(52.2%),generalized seizures 74(46.5%)and unknown-initially seizures 2(1.3%).Of them 186(53.9%)cases were classified as epilepsy syndrome,including 63(33.9%)of benign childhood epilepsy with central-temporal spikes,24(12.9%)of benign infantile epilepsy,18(9.7%)of infantile spasm,18(9.7%)of Dravet syndrome and 13(7.0%)of children with childhood absence epilepsy,their distribution according to seizure types were as follows:focal seizures were 146(58.6%),generalized seizures were 103(41.4%).Conclusion The highest incidence of epilepsy in children was in infancy;focal seizures were higher than generalized seizures;half of the children with epilepsy could be classified as epilepsy syndrome.