不同资源类型不同非使用价值——四种典型海洋旅游资源非使用价值支付意愿研究

Different Resources Types,Different Non-use Values——A Study on the Public’s Willingness to Pay for Conserving the Non-use Values of Four Typical Marine Tourism Resources

本文基于黄渤海区的山东长岛、东海区的浙江舟山和南海区的海南三亚的6009份居民和游客问卷调查数据,研究公众为保护4种典型海洋旅游资源非使用价值而支付的意愿的差异,结果表明:(1)公众为保护4种典型海洋旅游资源非使用价值而支付的意愿具有显著差异性,即不同资源类型非使用价值的支付意愿不同;(2)公众不但能够感知到海洋旅游资源非使用价值的存在,还能够识别出不同类型海洋旅游资源差异化的非使用价值;(3)公众为保护海洋相对稀缺型旅游资源非使用价值而支付的意愿比海洋相对充裕型旅游资源要高;(4)公众为保护海洋人文旅游资源非使用价值而支付的意愿比海洋自然旅游资源要高。本文为海洋旅游资源非使用价值的存在提供了证据,也为将非使用价值纳入到中国海洋旅游资源保护或恢复工程成本-收益分析中提供了理论支撑。

Based on 6009 survey questionnaires of residents and visitors in three case-study sites including Changdao County of Shandong Province(the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea Areas),Zhoushan City of Zhejiang Province(the East China Sea Area)and Sanya City of Hainan Province(the South China Sea Area),this paper studied the differences in the public’s willingness to pay(WTP)for conserving the non-use values(NUVs)of four typical marine tourism resources(MTRs).The results are:(1)there is a significant difference in the public’s WTP for conserving the non-use values of four typical marine tourism resources.That is,WTP for the non-use values of different resources is different;(2)the public not only can realize the existence of the NUVs of MTRs,but also recognize that different types of MTRs possess a wide variety of the NUVs;(3)the mean WTP is higher for the NUVs of the relatively scarce MTRs than the relatively abundant MTRs;(4)the average WTP is larger for the NUVs of maritime humanity tourism recourses comparing with natural MTRs.The authors believe that the results provide empirical evidence on the existence of the NUVs of MTRs in China context,and shed a light to the consideration of the NUVs of MTRs in the cost-benefit analysis of their conservation and restoration projects in China.