466例不良孕产史夫妇的细胞遗传学与临床特征分析

Analysis on Cytogenetics and Clinical Characteristics of 466 Couples with the History of Abnormal Gestation and Birth

目的探讨染色体异常与不良孕产史的关系。方法选取466例不良孕产史夫妇,采集其外周血进行淋巴细胞培养及G显带方法分析其染色体核型。80例健康婚检夫妇为对照组。结果 466例不良孕产史夫妇中发生染色体畸变者14例,检出率3.0%,其中结构异常10例,数目异常4例,染色体多态性携带者的检出率13.52%(63/466)。健康婚检夫妇的畸变染色体检出率为1.25%(1/80),比不良孕产夫妇的畸变染色体检出率低,但差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.874,P>0.05)。染色体多态性携带者检出率为5%(4/80),显著低于不良孕产史夫妇,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.082,P<0.05)。结论染色体畸变和染色体多态性是不良孕产的重要因素。

Objective To explore the relationship between chromosomal abnormalities and adverse pregnancy and childbirth history. Methods 466 couples with the history of abnormal gestation and birth were selected and their peripheral blood was collected for lymphocyte culture and G-banding to analyze their chromosome karyotypes. 80 couples for premarital health checkup were taken as control group. Results Among 466 couples with adverse pregnancy and childbirth history, 14 had chromosomal aberration, the detection rate was 3.0%. Among them, 10 had structural abnormalities and 4 had numerical abnormalities. The detection rate of carriers of chromosomal polymorphism was 13.52%(63/466). The detection rate of aberrant chromosomes in healthy couples was 1.25%(1/80), lower than that in poor pregnant couples, but there was no significant difference(χ^2=0.874, P>0.05). The detection rate of carriers of chromosome polymorphism was 5%(4/80), which was significantly lower than that in couples with poor pregnant and parturient history, the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=5.082, P<0.05). Conclusion Chromosome aberration and chromosome polymorphism are important factors in adverse pregnancy and delivery.