陕西省商洛市儿童呼吸道感染病原体血清流行病学研究

Seroepidemiological Study on Pathogens of Respiratory Tract Infection in Children in Shangluo, Shaanxi

目的调查商洛市儿童呼吸道感染病原体血清IgM抗体检测情况,探讨呼吸道感染病原体流行特征,为临床早预防、早诊断、早治疗提供依据。方法采集2017年2月~2018年1月儿科医院3 687例急性呼吸道感染患儿血清标本,采用间接免疫荧光法检测呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒A(INFA)、流感病毒B(INFB)、副流感病毒(PIVs)、肺炎衣原体(CP)、肺炎支原体(MP)和嗜肺军团菌(LPI)共计8项呼吸道病原谱特异性血清IgM抗体。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件对检测数据进行研究分析。结果 3 687例急性呼吸道感染患儿血清标本中,阳性检测例数640例,阳性率为17.36%,检出率由高到低为MP,INFB,CP,PIVs,RSV,INFA,ADV和LPI。男、女儿童检出率分别为14.11%和22.15%,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=39.983,P<0.05)。各年龄段儿童的检出率不同,随着年龄的增长而增高,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=392.03,P<0.05)。春夏秋冬四季检出率依次为19.13%,12.91%,12.97%和22.32%,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=43.13,P<0.05)。混合感染情况:两种抗体阳性29例,占4.54%。结论商洛市儿童急性呼吸道感染主要由MP,INFB,CP三种病原体引起,混合感染以MP和INFB常见;不同性别、不同年龄段及不同季节间流行特征均不相同,鉴于此,对儿童需要做好针对性的防治。

Objective To investigate the detection of serum IgM antibodies against pathogens of respiratory tract infection of children in Shangluo,and explore the epidemiological characteristics of pathogens of respiratory tract infection,so as to provide data support for early prevention,diagnosis and treatment in clinic.Methods The total of 3 687 serum samples of children with acute respiratory tract infection from February 2017 to January 2018 in pediatric hospital were collected and detected by indirect immunofluorescence.Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),adenovirus(ADV),influenza virus A(INFA),influenza virus B(INFB), parainfluenza virus(PIVs),chlamydia pneumoniae(CP),mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) and Legionella pneumophila(LPI), a total of 8 respiratory tract etiological spectrum specific serum IgM antibodies were detected.All statistical date were analyzed by SPSS 22.0.Results Among 3 687 serum samples of children with acute respiratory tract infection,640(17.26%)cases were positive.Detection rate from high to low:MP,INFB,CP,PIVs,RSV,INFA,ADV and LPI.The detection rates of male and female children were 14.11% and 22.15%,repectively, and the difference was statistically significant(χ^2=39.983,P<0.05).The detection rate of children of different age groups was different and increased with age,with statistically significant difference(χ^2=392.03,P<0.05).The detection rates in the four seasons were 19.13%,12.91%,12.97% and 22.32% respectively,with statistically significant difference(χ^2=43.13,P<0.05). 29 cases(4.54%) were positive for mixed infection of the two antibodies.Conclusion The acute respiratory tract infection of children in Shangluo was mainly caused by the following three pathogens:MP,INFB and CP.Mixed infection was common with MP and INFB. Different sex, different age groups and different seasons had different epidemic characteristics.In view of this,children need to be well targeted prevention and treatment.