某车载圆柱形货箱防护装置的碰撞安全性设计改进

Improvement of collision safety design of the protection devices for a vehicle cylindrical container

用有限元仿真的方法,研究了某车载圆柱形货箱在正面碰撞工况下的运动情况及由拉钩,绳索,包带组成的防护装置的失效情况;并通过改变包带固定位置与拉钩结构对防护装置进行设计改进。结果表明:在正面碰撞过程中,对于原有防护装置,在50 km/h及以下初速度的柱形货箱所受力学冲击较小,防护装置对柱形货箱的约束作用较好;在70 km/h初速度时,柱形货箱与货舱发生二次碰撞,原有防护装置约束效果较差。改进后的防护装置能够使柱形货箱在70 km/h初速度下仍不发生二次碰撞,柱形货箱加速度峰值从60g下降到25g;因此,安全性能明显提高。

The motion of a truck-mounted cylindrical-box and the failure of protection devices under frontal impact condition were investigated by means of finite element simulation.The protection devices were improved with changing the fixed position of the belt and the structure of the retractor.The results show that the previous protection device has a certain restraint effect on the cylindrical container,which suffers less mechanical impact in the frontal collision process at the initial velocity of 50 km/h and below.The previous constraint system has a poor constraint effect,and the cylindrical box has a secondary collision in the frontal collision condition at the initial speed of 70 km/h.The improved constraint system can ensure that no secondary collision occurs in the frontal collision condition of the cylindrical container at 70 km/h.The peak acceleration of the cylindrical box drops to 25g from 60g.Therefore,the safety performance of the improved constraint system is improved.