圈养蜂猴的行为谱及PAE编码系统

The Behavior Ethogram and PAE Coding System of Captive Bengal Slow Lorises

【目的】获得基于PAE编码系统的圈养蜂猴行为谱。【方法】2017年11月至2018年10月,在云南省红河州个旧宝华公园动物园、西双版纳州景洪市南肯河救护中心及普洱市思茅区太阳河救护中心安装具有夜视功能的监控摄像全时段记录蜂猴行为活动,采用目标取样法和瞬时扫描取样法进行统计,建立"姿势-动作-环境"(posture-actenvironment,PAE)编码系统。【结果】分辨并记录了圈养蜂猴的16种姿势、89种动作及119种行为,并将所记录到的行为分别划归于取食、觅食、排遗、调温、异常、求偶、攻击、亲密、休息、运动、屈服和其他等12个类别中,获得了基于PAE编码系统的圈养蜂猴行为谱。【结论】蜂猴在圈养环境中,表现出较多的异常行为以及刻板行为,造成这种现象的主要原因可能是不合理的圈养环境、丰容设施及食物配给,需要在后续管理工作中加以调整改善。

【Objective】The objective of this study was to obtain the behavioral ethogram and its PAE coding system of the captive slow lorises.【Method】Behavioral data of captive Bengal slow lorises were collected by infrared monitoring cameras from November 2017 to October 2018 in GejiuBaohua Park Zoo,Prefecture of Honghe,Jinghong Nan-ken-he Rescue Center,Prefecture of Xishuangbanna,and Simao Tai-yang-he Rescue Center,Pu’er,Yunnan province. We used focal animal sampling and instantaneous scanning method to quantify the data and code them to follow the "posture-act-environment"(PAE) coding system.【Result】A total of 16 postures,89 acts and 119 behaviors were distinguished and described. Based on the ecological function of behaviors,all of the recorded behaviors were divided into 12 categories,including feeding,foraging,eliminate,thermo-regulatory,abnormal,courtship,aggressive,affiliative,resting,locomotive,submissive and miscellaneous behaviors.【Conclusion】We found higher frequency of abnormal and stereotypic behavior in captive slow lorises,which indicated that environmental and food enrichment were not well-designed.