桂糖44号在喀斯特地区的产量表现及其构成因素分析

Yield and related factors of Guitang 44 in karst area

【目的】观察分析甘蔗新品种桂糖44号在广西喀斯特蔗区多年、多点的新植蔗和宿根蔗产量及农艺性状表现,为其在喀斯特地区的大面积推广应用提供参考依据。【方法】以ROC22为对照品种,2015—2017年在广西河池环江、宜州和都安3个试验点进行桂糖44号试点种植,对其一年新植蔗和两年宿根蔗的农艺性状及经济性状等进行跟踪调查及分析。【结果】桂糖44号新植蔗和宿根蔗的萌芽率、发株率、分蘖率及产量均高于ROC22,产量在第一年宿根达最高值(130.16 t/ha)。从11月—次年1月,桂糖44号各时期蔗糖分平均值均高于ROC22,且第二年宿根蔗中,各时期的蔗糖分均维持在15.50%以上,蔗糖分平均值达最高值(15.64%)。根据各产量因素分析及最终产量结果可知,在3个试验点中以环江试验点整体表现最好,其产量达115.28 t/ha,含糖量达16.74 t/ha。相关性分析结果表明,株高与单茎重、有效茎数与含糖量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),有效茎数和含糖量均与产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】甘蔗新品种桂糖44号在广西喀斯特地区综合表现良好,发株率和分蘖率较高,有效茎数多,宿根性强,产量和蔗糖分均高于ROC22,达到高产高糖的标准,具有较大推广潜力,适宜在喀斯地区大面积推广种植。

【Objective】Observing and analyzing the yield and agronomic traits of new variety Guitang 44 new planting sugarcane and perennial sugarcane at multiple sites and for multiple years in the karst sugarcane area in Guangxi to provide reference for its large-scale promotion and application in the karst area.【Method】Taking ROC22 as the control variety,the experimental planting of Guitang 44 was carried out at the three test sites in Huanjiang,Yizhou and Du’an of Hechi from 2015 to 2017,and the agronomic traits and economic traits of the newly planted,two-year-old sugarcane were analyzed by follow-up surveys.【Result】The germination rate,ratooning rate,tillering rate and yield of the new planting sugarcane and perennial sugarcane of Guitang 44 were higher than ROC22,and the yield was the highest in the first year(130.16 t/ha).From November to January in next year,the average sugar content of Guitang 44 was higher than ROC22,and in the second year perennial sugarcane,the sugar content in each period was maintained above 15.50%,and the average sugar value was the highest(15.64%).Among the three test sites,according to the analysis of various yield factors and the final yield results,the Huanjiang test site performed the best overall,with a yield of 115.28 t/ha and a sugar content of 16.74 t/ha.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between plant height and single stem weight,effective stem number and sugar content(P<0.05).The effective stem number and sugar content were both positively correlated with yield,and reached extremely significant level(P<0.01).【Conclusion】The new planting sugarcane variety Guitang 44 has a good overall performance in karst area of Hechi,with high ratooning rate and tillering rate,more effective stems,stronger perennial roots,higher yield and sugar than ROC22,and reaches the standard of high yield and high sugar.It has a large promotion potential and suitable to be planted in large scale in karst areas.