优化路网覆盖效率的高速公路救援点选址模型

Freeway Rescue Site Location Model for Optimizing Network Coverage Efficiency

针对高速公路救援点选址问题,以优化救援点对路网全局的覆盖效率为目的,建立了救援点选址模型。采用有向图描述救援点对各路段的双向全程覆盖及救援车绕行问题,通过分析救援点布局与路网拓扑结构对各路段的救援响应时长的影响,构建了考虑救援车绕行时间的基于路段的救援响应时间计算公式,然后以优化救援点对路网全局的覆盖效率为目的,分别建立了常驻救援点和备勤救援点两类选址模型。实验结果表明:与传统选址模型相比,提出的选址模型能更准确地衡量各路段的救援响应时间,给出路网全局覆盖效率更优的选址方案。

Aiming at the location problem of freeway rescue sites,location models are established to optimize the coverage efficiency of the rescue sites to the whole freeway network.The directed graph is used to describethe bi-directional and overall coverage of rescue sites to each road segmentandthe detouring problem of rescue vehicle.Through the analysis of the impact of rescue site layout and network topology on the response time of each road segment,the road segment-based formula of rescue response timeconsidering the detouring time of rescue vehicle is constructed,and then with the purpose of optimizing the network coverage efficiency,two kinds of location models,namely the permanent rescue site and the backup rescue site,are established.The experimental results show that compared with the traditional location model,the proposed model canmeasure the rescue response time of each road segment more accurately,and give a location scheme with better network coverage efficiency.