49份睡莲资源表型多样性分析及综合评价

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of 49 Waterlily Resources

【目的】以国内外引种的49份睡莲资源为研究对象,以期为睡莲资源开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】对引种的49份睡莲资源的30个表型性状进行了相关性和多样性分析,并对各来源的睡莲资源进行了聚类分析,在表型性状主成分分析基础上,对其进行了综合评价。【结果】引种的49份睡莲资源表型性状存在丰富的变异,其中16个数量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围为1.1859~1.9943,其中花横径(1.9943)、萼片宽度(1.9715)和花梗长度(1.9714)遗传多样性指数较高,花瓣数(1.1859)遗传多样性指数最低;14个质量性状中,花色(1.9750)、花香(1.0907)和叶斑点数(1.0324)遗传多样性指数较高,叶型(0.4101)遗传多样性指数最低。16个数量性状的变异系数范围为15.67%~89.52%。相关性分析表明,花径(DF)与花瓣长度(LP),花径(DF)与萼片长度(LS),花瓣长度(LP)与萼片长度(LS),叶长(LL)与叶宽(WL),叶长(LL)与叶裂深度(DD),叶宽(WL)与叶裂深度(DD)之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.936、0.976、0.959、0.974、0.959和0.944。聚类分析表明,供试的49份睡莲资源可被分成6个组群:第一组为热带中大型花睡莲品种群;第二组为热带全重瓣花睡莲品种群,其雄蕊全部瓣化;第三组为耐寒中大型花睡莲品种群;第四组为热带中小型花睡莲品种群;第五组为热带大型花睡莲品种群;,第六组为热带巨型花睡莲(热带澳洲系睡莲)品种群。主成分分析表明,前7个主成分的特征值均大于1,累计贡献率为81.86%。【结论】49份供试材料中,蓝紫色九品香睡莲的综合得分最高,其次是黄金国,延药睡莲的综合得分最低。

【Objective】The 30 phenotypic traits of 49 introduced waterlily resources at home and abroad were analyzed in order to provide a reference for the development and utilization of waterlily resources.【Method】The cluster analysis of 49 waterlily resources from different sources was carried out and based on the principal component analysis of phenotypic traits,a comprehensive evaluation was carried.【Result】The results showed that there were abundant variations in phenotypic traits of 49 introduced waterlily resources.The genetic diversity index of 16 quantitative traits ranged from 1.1859 to 1.9943.The genetic diversity index of flower diameter(1.9943),sepal width(1.9715),pedicel length(1.9714)was higher,and petal number(1.1859)was the lowest.Among the 14 quality traits,flower color(1.9750),flower fragrance(1.0907),leaf spot number(1.0324)had higher genetic diversity index,while leaf type(0.4101)had the lowest genetic diversity index.In terms of coefficient of variation,the range of 16 quantitative traits was 15.67%-89.52%.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation(P<0.01)between flower diameter(DF)and petal length(LP),flower diameter(DF)and sepal length(LS),petal length(LP)and sepal length(LS),leaf length(LL)and leaf width(WL),leaf length(LL)and leaf fissure depth(DD),leaf width(WL)and leaf fissure depth(DD),and the correlation coefficients were 0.936,0.976,0.959,0.974,0.959 and 0.944,respectively.Cluster analysis showed that 49 waterlily resources were divided into six groups.The first group were tropical medium-sized and large waterlily cultivars.The second group were tropical full-valved waterlily cultivars with petaled stamens.The third group were cold-tolerant medium-sized and large waterlily cultivars.The fourth group were tropical medium-sized and small waterlily cultivars.The fifth group were large tropical waterlily cultivars,while the sixth group were giant tropical waterlily(tropical Australian waterlily)cultivars.Principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the first seven principal components were greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate was 81.86%.【Conclusion】Among the 49 tested materials,Nymphaea‘Hybrida’had the highest comprehensive score,followed by Nymphaea‘Eidorado’,and the Nymphaea stellate had the lowest comprehensive score.