布鲁氏菌感染引起抗利尿不适当分泌综合征临床特点分析

Clinical Characteristics of Brucellosis Complicated by Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuresis

目的探讨布鲁氏菌感染患者临床出现低钠血症原因,其中抗利尿不适当分泌作为主要的低钠血症病因,探讨其临床特点。方法回顾性分析2011年9月至2017年12月在北京协和医院因确诊或临床诊断为布鲁氏菌病住院治疗的患者共111例,其中血钠水平小于135 mmol/L诊断为低钠血症,总结患者病史、生命体征、检验检查结果,分析其低钠血症病因及临床特点。结果111例诊断布鲁氏菌病患者中,14例住院期间存在低钠血症(12.6%),其中3例明确诊断抗利尿不适当分泌综合征、10例疑诊抗利尿不适当分泌、1例诊断全垂体前叶功能减退。布鲁氏菌病引起抗利尿不适当分泌的患者其白蛋白水平下降,血沉、超敏C反应蛋白明显升高,并存在感染性心内膜炎、感染性休克、贫血等严重并发症。结论布鲁氏菌病患者临床低钠血症发生率不低,而其中抗利尿不适当分泌是引起其低钠血症的重要原因。

Objective To summarize and analyze the causes of hyponatremia in patients with brucellosis and explore the clinical manifestations of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis(SIAD)in patients with brucellosis.Methods The clinical data of 111 patients with acute brucellosis who were treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.Hyponatremia was defined by serum sodium level lower than 135 mmol/L.Clinical characteristics including medical histories,vital signs,and laboratory test findings were collected and analyzed.Results Hyponatremia was found in 14(12.6%)of 111 patients with brucellosis,among whom 3 patients were confirmed to be with SIAD,10 were suspected as SIAD,and 1 was diagnosis as hypopituitarism.Hypoalbuminemia,elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate,and high sensitivity C reactive protein were found in brucellosis patients with SIAD,along with severe complications such as infective endocarditis,septic shock,and anemia.Conclusion Hyponatremia is not a rare condition in brucellosis patients and may be caused by SIAD.