汽车车内风噪频率特性的风洞试验研究

Research on Frequency Characteristics of Automobile Interior Wind Noise in Wind Tunnel Test

为研究汽车车身主要部件对风噪贡献量大小及频率特性规律,以便进行风噪快速改进设计,对某款5座SUV、某款7座SUV、某款轿车在同济大学整车气动声学风洞内进行了车内风噪试验研究。重点总结了不同车型车身主要部件对车内风噪贡献量大小及频率特性分布规律,同时利用试验手段进行了验证。结果表明,车身表面的段差、分缝缝隙、密封系统零部件对车内风噪普遍具有明显的贡献量,而且均分布在特定频段。这些规律可为不同车型在开发过程中解决风噪问题提供指导方向。

In order to quantitatively study the sound pressure level(SPL)contributions of different components to the wind noise and the corresponding frequency distribution characteristics,an experiment by using two SUVs and one sedan was conducted in the aero-acoustic wind tunnel for wind noise optimization.Based on the experimental results the paper summarized the interior sound pressure level contributions of major components in the cabin for different vehicle models and analyzed the frequency distribution characteristics.The results indicate that the sealing system,the height difference and gap size between the different surfaces in the cabin are the major contributors to the interior sound pressure level.The results can provide guidance to solve wind noise problems in the vehicle development stage.