全功率燃料电池汽车散热系统设计、建模与分析

Design,Modeling and Analysis of Heat Dissipation System for Full-Power Fuel Cell Vehicles

极端工况下整车的热管理问题是全功率燃料电池汽车面临的主要技术挑战之一。燃料电池汽车中的热源主要来源于电堆、空压机、驱动电机及DC/DC,提出了相应的热管理方式并构建了相应的系统结构,对散热器、水泵、风机等主要部件进行了选型与匹配。利用GT-COOL软件建立了全功率燃料电池汽车热管理系统仿真计算平台,对极端工况下系统的散热性能进行了分析。结果表明,在该工况下电堆温度达到了84.4℃,在许用温度范围内,电堆进出口温差为7.6℃,满足内部温度均匀性要求,空压机、DC/DC、驱动电机的温度分别为58.4℃、59.6℃、61.5℃,均满足其温度要求。

The vehicle thermal management under extreme working conditions is one of the main technical challenges faced by the industry of full-power fuel cell vehicles.The heat sources in fuel cell vehicles mainly include the fuel cell stack,air compressor,driving motor,and DC/DC.The corresponding thermal management method and system structure are put forward.The main components,such as the radiator,the water pump and the fan,were selected for matching based on theoretical calculations.The simulation platform for a full-power fuel cell vehicle thermal management system is established by using the commercial software GT-COOL.The heat dissipation performance of the system under an extreme working condition is analyzed.The results show that the temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches 84.4℃,which is within the allowable temperature range.The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the stack is 7.6℃,which meets the requirement of temperature uniformity.The temperatures of the air compressor,DC/DC and driving motor are 58.4℃,59.6℃ and 61.5℃ respectively,below the maximum allowable temperature.