市场经济改革进程中的中国电影产业融资机制发展研究

The Financing Mechanisms of the Chinese Film Industry in the Process of Market Economy Reform

中国电影产业制度转型是中国社会体制变革的一个侧面与缩影,电影融资机制是中国电影产业制度转型的核心与重点。上世纪90年代,条块分割、行业垄断的计划经济模式下中国电影陷入发展困境。2002年至2008年中国电影产业体制转型初期阶段,非公有制属性的市场主体合法性得到承认,“合拍”与“预购”成为重要的电影融资机制,资本市场融资手段在电影投拍环节不断应用。2008年后,融资机制聚焦针对电影特殊文化属性的金融工具开发,跨界资本不断进入电影产业投资布局,以BAT为代表的互联网企业入局催生新的文化金融衍生业态。2016年以来,产业规范强势整顿,融资机制的本土规范性与专业性发展提上日程。

The Chinese film institutional transformation is an aspect and miniature of China’s social system reform.The film financing mechanism is the core and focus of the Chinese film institutional transformation.In the 1990s,under the market fragmentation and the industry monopoly of the planned economy model,Chinese films fell into the development difficult position.From 2002 to 2008,in the early stage of institutional transformation,the legitimacy of the non-public market entities have been recognized.“Co-production”and“pre-purchase”have become the important film financing mechanisms.Capital market financing means have been constantly used in film production.After 2008,the film financing mechanism has increasingly focused on the special cultural attributes,the cross-border capital has continuously entered the investment of the film industry.The entry of Internet enterprises represented by BAT has promoted a new form of cultural and financial derivatives.Since 2016,industrial norms have been consolidated strongly,and the local normative and the professional development of financing mechanism has been put on the agenda.