唐初“文章世所希”的“刘舍人”考论

A Textual Research on Liu Sheren in the Early Tang Dynasty

唐徐彦伯有一首流传甚广的《赠刘舍人古意》诗,盛赞一位“文章世所希”的刘舍人。刘舍人文章水准之高,影响之大,当时已为公认。然而,由于诸多原因,学界至今尚未有人详考刘舍人确指为谁。与徐彦伯有过交游的“刘舍人”有两位,一是刘知几,二是刘允济。结合二人的仕途履历及其与唐玄宗、徐坚的私人关系等因素来看,可断定“刘舍人”即唐初文史大家刘知几。徐彦伯和刘知几二人在文史志趣方面存在着巨大差异,故徐氏赠诗给刘知几止此一首,而刘知几并没有回应,甚至刻意回避与徐彦伯共修国史等事实。

Tang Xu Yanbo’s popular poem Giving Liu Sheren Guyi praises a Liu Sheren“whose article is cherished by people”.Liu Sheren’s high standard of writing and great influence were recognized at that time.However,for many reasons,up to now,no scholar has examined in detail who Liu Sheren really refers to.There are mainly two“Liu Sheren”who have made friends with Xu Yanbo.One is Liu Zhiji,the other is Liu Yunji.According to their official career and personal relationship with Tang Xuanzong and Xujian in Tang Dynasty,it can be concluded that“Liu Sheren”was Liu Zhiji,who is actually a famous historian in early Tang Dynasty.In addition,in terms of in their aspirations of literature and history,great differences exist between Xu Yanbo and Liu Zhiji.Therefore,this poem is the only one which Xu Yanbowrites to Liu Zhiji.But Liu Zhiji does not respond to Xu,and even deliberately denies the fact that he writes national history with Xu.