从礼制到日常：魏晋辞赋中饮食书写的新变

From Ritual System to Daily Life: A New Change in Diet Writing in Wei and Jin Dynasties

魏晋时期“人的觉醒”思潮也体现在了当时辞赋中的饮食书写上。个人的崛起伴随着儒家思想控制力减弱,生活与礼制的分离使礼更多仅作为重要场合的仪式而出现,而在日常饮食中以酒为代表的纵逸享乐情况明显;不同社会群体的发声改变了以往辞赋中对于人间美味和富贵气象的描写,困顿群体食不果腹的苦厄以及书写粗茶淡饭的创作视角也开始呈现在辞赋中。精英士阶层食物追求的尚雅、养生与饮食意象从家国相关的黍离、周粟转向个人化的鲈鱼脍等,都展现了饮食文化内蕴的拓展。

Under the influence of the trend of thought of"human awakening",the rise of individuals was accompanied by the weakening of Confucianism.The separation of life and etiquette made ritual system become kinds of rites in important occasions.In the daily diet,the indulgence of wine was obvious;the literary creation of different classes of literati has changed the description of rich empire and luxury diet in the past,and the poor group's coarse diet has also begun to appear in the CiFu.The food of elites pursues elegance and health preservation.The image of diet has also changed.In the previous times,it was mainly related to the national demise,and in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,it turned to the personal feelings,which all showed the expansion of the connotation of diet culture.