联合国框架下非殖民化问题的最新进展——国际法院“查戈斯群岛咨询意见案”述评

New Development on the Decolonization Process under the Framework of United Nations:A Commentary on the Advisory Opinion on the Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965

"查戈斯群岛咨询意见案"是国际法院发表的最新咨询意见,同时也是法院协助联合国大会推动非殖民化进程所取得的最新进展。虽然该案的背景是英国与毛里求斯之间长期存在的关于查戈斯群岛领土争端,但法院承袭和遵循之前咨询案件确立的原则和标准,仍确立了对该案的咨询管辖权,并对实体问题发表咨询意见。该咨询意见并不具有法律约束力,但仍对解决英国和毛里求斯的领土争端,推动毛里求斯的非殖民化进程和维护国家统一,尊重保障人权,以及其他相关国家的国际法义务产生影响。

The advisory opinion on Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965 is the latest opinion made by the International Court of Justice and is also the latest development in the decolonization process promoted by the General Assembly assisted by the Court. Although the background of this case is the bilateral territorial dispute between the United Kingdom and Mauritius, it inherits and follows the principles and criteria established by the precedent cases establishing the jurisdiction and makes the opinion on the merits. This opinion is not binding, while it still exerts important impacts on the resolution of the territorial dispute between the States, promotes the decolonization process of Mauritius and maintain the state integrity, respects and protects the human rights, and other states’ international obligations.