新乡市化工集聚区地下水化学特征及成因分析

Analysis of Groundwater Chemical Characteristics and Cause of Formation in Chemical Agglomeration Area of Xinxiang City

新乡市化工产业集聚区内地下水污染问题较严重,为了解该区域地下水化学现状及人为因素对地下水的影响,在化工厂及周边采集地下水样,利用统计分析、Piper 三线图、Gibbs 图和离子比例系数等方法研究地下水化学组分特征及成因规律。结果表明:研究区地下水TDS较高,属于咸水,优势离子为Na^+、SO4^2-、HCO3^-、Cl^-,其主要来源是碳酸盐、硫酸盐矿物的溶解;区内水化学类型主要呈现HCO3·SO4-Na·Ca·Mg型、SO4·Cl-Na·Ca·Mg型和Cl·HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca型;地下水主要受到蒸发作用的控制,部分地区受到蒸发作用和水岩作用的共同控制。化工产业对区内地下水造成的污染较大,越靠近污染源,各离子浓度越高,对地下水水质影响越大。此外,农业化肥和生活污水也对地下水环境造成了一定的危害。

Groundwater pollution is a serious problem in the chemical industry agglomeration area of Xinxiang city. In order to learn the influence of the current situation of chemical and human factors of groundwater in this region, underground water samples were collected in and around the chemical plant. Statistical analysis, piper three line graphic method, Gibbs graphic method, and ion ratio coefficient method were adopted to explore characteristics and genetic analysis of regional groundwater chemical composition. The results show that the TDS of groundwater in the study area is higher and it belongs to salt water, and the dominant ions are Na^+,SO4^2-,HCO3^-,Cl^-. The main sources are the dissolution of carbonate and sulfate minerals. The main types of hydrochemistry forms are HCO3+SO-4Na+Ca+Mg type, SO4+Cl-Na+Ca+Mg type, and Cl+ HCO3-Na+Mg+Ca type. The groundwater in the area is mainly affected by evaporation, and some areas are controlled by evaporation and hydro-litho-genesis. The chemical industry causes greater pollution to the groundwater, and the closer to the source of pollution, the higher the concentration of each ion, the greater the impact on the groundwater quality. In addition, agricultural fertilizer and sewage also cause certain harm to the groundwater environment.