美丽乡村建设中乡村声景观的变迁及保护研究——以山东省前光甫村为例

Soundscape Change and Conservation in Beautiful Rural Construction: ——Case Study of Qianguangfu Village in Shandong Province

乡村景观研究主要偏重视觉景观演变模式,缺少对于乡村视听环境的研究。选取山东省潍坊市安丘市的前光甫村及其周边村落为案例地,采用深度访谈与问卷调查,分析了其乡村声景观的构成与变化。人们对不同声源声景观的喜好程度依次为生物声、自然声、人类活动声和机械声,随着乡村生产结构与生活方式的变迁,乡村的机械声在增加而生物声在减少,日趋恶化。探讨乡村声景观的变迁动因,并提出了乡村声景观的保护策略。

The study of rural landscape mainly focuses on the evolutionary model of perceptual landscape, but lacks the study of acoustic landscape. Taking Qianguangfu Village and its surrounding in Anqiu City of Shandong Province as a study case, the composition and changes of its sound landscape are investigated with interviews and questionnaires. People’s preferences for different sound sources are biological sound, natural sound, human activity sound and mechanical sound in turn. However, with the development of economy, the mechanical sound in the countryside is increasing while the biological sound is decreasing and the sound landscape in the countryside is deteriorating. Evolution and corresponding reasons of rural acoustic landscape are thoroughly explored with protection strategies proposed.