纯文学,还是大文学——现代“龙学”理论基础之反思

Pure Literature or Great Literature: a Reflection on the Theoretical Basis of the Modern Studies on The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons

中国传统文论巨著《文心雕龙》进入现代学术视野后,对于其性质的理解一直存在偏颇。章太炎推崇刘勰的“大文学观”,却很少得到世人的响应。学界更多是依据自西方而来的“纯文学”观念对《文心雕龙》作出较多的批评。中国文学批评史学科对“以西释中”模式曾有自觉地警醒,但“龙学”界缺少这种理论的自觉,导致文体论研究畸轻畸重,出现了一些阐释和评论上的偏颇。这些都迫使我们去反思,“龙学”的理论基础应该是“大文学”观而不是“纯文学”观。

The nature of The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons,a masterpiece of traditional Chinese literary theory,was misinterpreted by some modern scholars.Zhang Taiyan praised Liu Xie s view of“great literature”,but was not echoed by contemporary scholars.Many different interpretations of this book was based on the“pure literary”theory from the west.The school of Chinese literature criticism history has conscious vigilance against“interpreting the Chinese literature by western methods”,but the studies on The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons lack this kind of theoretical consciousness,making stylistic study seriously unbalanced and biased in many interpretations and criticism.These issues make us to reflect on the theoretical basis of The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons,and find out the basis is rather“great literature”than“pure literature”.