摘要
α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(α7 nAChR)是烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的一种亚型,其广泛分布于中枢和外周,发挥抗炎及神经保护等作用。在维持正常的学习、记忆、认知、运动等过程中,小胶质细胞在维持中枢神经系统稳态方面发挥重要作用,其过度激活后产生大量炎症损伤神经。而小胶质细胞上表达的α7 nAChR参与了大脑中的“胆碱能抗炎通路”,调节小胶质细胞的活化状态、表型转化、致炎因子的释放等,并在多种神经系统疾病(阿尔茨海默病、缺血性脑卒中、疼痛)中发挥重要作用。未来,小胶质细胞上的α7 nAChR可能成为神经系统疾病治疗的一个突出靶点。
α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7 nAChR)is a subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor,which is widely distributed in the central and peripheral regions and plays an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective role.In the process of maintaining normal learning,memory,cognition,movement and other cerebral function,microglia plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system.Excessive activation of microglia produces a large number of inflammatory damaged nerves.Theα7 nAChR expressed on microglia participates in the"cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway"in the brain,regulates the activation of microglia,phenotype transformation,release of inflammatory factors,etc.,playing an important role in many nervous system diseases(Alzheimer′s disease,ischemic stroke and pain).In the future,theα7 nAChR on microglia may become a prominent target in the treatment of neurological diseases.
作者
李志冉
沈磊
LI Zhiran;SHEN Lei(College of Pharmacy and Chemistry,Dali University,Dali 671000,China)
出处
《医学综述》
2019年第22期4374-4378,4384,共6页
Medical Recapitulate
基金
国家自然科学基金(81560634)
云南省昆虫生物医药研发重点实验室开放课题
