历史知识的科学属性——分析的历史哲学的言说

Scientific Elements in History Knowledge——An Examination to the Analysis School in Historical Phylosophy

在20世纪西方"历史学的哲学"的学术传统中,先后形成了批判的历史哲学和分析的历史哲学两大流派。批判的历史哲学家力图维护历史学科的人文属性,分析的历史哲学家则试图通过重新有限引入自然科学的理念和方法,来厘定历史知识的边界。波普尔与亨佩尔强化历史知识科学属性的努力,丰富了西方思想界对于历史解释发生原理的认识,但证伪理论和覆盖律等带有自然科学倾向的史学方法,仍然不能完全适用于历史叙事的实际。

The process of the historiographical philosophy in the 20 th century witnessed the making of the critical school and then the analytical school.The main task for the critical school was to strengthen the humanity nature of history and secure the border of the discipline by implying the ideas and methods from the natural science to some extent.Through the efforts of philosopher K.Popper and C.G.Hempel,the western thinkers gained a more deeply understanding to how historical interpretation worked,however,there were still theory gap between the scientific oriented methods such as falsification,covering law and the history narrative practices.