雨水口截污网篮的研发与应用

Development and application of road gutter entry basket filters

为了提高西安市老城区雨水口截污清掏的效率,减少清污劳动强度,根据西安市南郊区域雨水口结构形式、垃圾的种类及特征,针对雨水口垃圾清掏工作的情况进行调查,对为期1 a的调查数据进行统计分析.对目前国内外雨水口截污技术的发展、应用、优缺点进行了分别阐述.根据西安市目前常用的雨水口结构及暴雨流量公式,以网筛加格栅结构为主体,开展了结构及材料方案比选和现场试验,最终设计了一种适用于西安市排水系统中城市雨水口的截污网篮.经实地应用验证,在不影响雨水口泄水功能的情况下,能够将垃圾有效拦截至网篮内,清掏雨水口时,当截污孔为直径10 mm圆孔×10 mm间距时井底的平均残余垃圾量由安装前的150 mm降至50 mm以内,在目前清掏技术不做变化的前提下,减少了清掏次数,延长了清掏间隔时间.

Cleaning work of road gutter entry was surveyed in terms of gutter entry configuration,debris type and feature in the old town of Xi′an city,and the collected data in one year were analyzed statistically to improve debris cleaning and intercepting effectiveness of road gutter entry and reduce cleaning workload.At first,the development,application,advantages and disadvantages of domestic and foreign rainwater road gutter entry filters were reviewed.According to the existing popular gutter entry structure in Xi′an city and a formula for estimating rainstorm flow rate,an initial filter with sieve and grid was designed.Then,specific structures and materials were compared and selected,and field tests were followed.Eventually,a basket filter that was applicable to the drainage system of Xi′an city was determined.Based on application trials,this kind of filter can intercept debris into the basket effectively without impaired drain function.When the gutter entries are being cleaned,the height of residual debris in the gutter well is reduced to less than 50 mm from 150 mm before filter installation(sieve with 10 mm diameter holes,grid with 10 mm spacing).Obviously,when the cleaning measures remain unchanged,the frequency of cleaning should be reduced,accordingly,the time interval between cleanings will be extended.