健全现代乡村治理体系的实践探索与路径选择

Practical Exploration and Path Selection of Improving the Modern Rural Governance System

现代乡村治理是巩固党在农村执政基础的重要举措,是国家治理的基础支撑,是乡村振兴的重要内容和国家现代化的重要体现。与传统乡村治理相比,现代乡村治理体系有独特的产权基础、组织基础和制度基础,具有党对农村工作的全面领导、产权与治权高度统一、农村基层赋权扩能、依靠法治定纷止争等典型特征。近些年来,一些全国农村改革试验区在坚持党组织领导核心的前提下,推动乡村治理的末梢延伸下沉,形成了多层次、立体式的乡村治理体系。推进乡村治理体系和治理能力现代化,需要做到治理目标精准化、治理主体多元化、治理方式多样化、公共服务均等化、权利保障法治化。加强和改进乡村治理工作,必须从组织建设、优化治理、公共事务准入、建立激励机制、强化公共服务等方面多点发力,探索党组织领导下自治、法治、德治相结合的实现路径,形成更有效的乡村治理新秩序。

The modern rural governance is playing a special and strategic role in the national governance.It is not only a solid foundation for the CPC's governance in rural areas and the significant pillar for national governance,but also a critical part for rural vitalization and the essential embodiment of the national modernization.Compared with the traditional rural governance,the modern rural governance has a special base of property right,organization,and system.It is characterized by the following features:overall leadership of the CPC over rural areas,the unity of property right and administration,empowerment and capacity expansion in the rural grassroots,settling disputes with"rule of law"and so on.On the premise of sticking to the core leadership of the CPC,some experimental zones for carrying out rural reform extend governance to their next levels,forming a multi-tiered and multidimensional rural governance system.To realize the modernization of rural governance system and governance capability,we need accurate governance targets,diversified governance bodies,various methods of governance,equally shared public service,and having rights protected by law.To improve the rural governance system,we must work on such aspects as consolidating organization,optimizing governance,affairs access,public service,etc.,as well as explore self-governance,rule of law,and rule of virtue under the leadership of the CPC to build a more effective and new rural governance system.