屯堡互助机制炸会的初步考察

An Elementary Investigation of Zhahui:the Mutual Organization in Tunpu

炸会是屯堡传统的民间互助方式。通过会资在会友间的流转,炸会将各类经济资源、社会资源集合再分配到急需使用的屯堡人手中。会簿是炸会合约的书面记录,在对屯堡考察中搜集到的乡土文献资料整理时,调查人员发现了一些会簿,此次将首次公开部分会簿为待研究者深入探析之。此外,就目前所见,屯堡的炸会可从接会规则、会资、互助事项三个角度进行初步分类,其功能在于对资金、物资、人力、社会资本的汇集与再分配。

Zhahui(炸会)is a traditional-nongovernmental mutuality in Tunpu.With resources-transferring among Zhahui(炸会)members,many kinds of economic resource and social resource would centralized-then-redistributed to the indeed demander.Huibu(会簿)is the record of a Zhahui(炸会)agreement,researchers have discovered some new Huibu(会 簿)while sorting the collated local documentations of Tunpu,part of the Huibu(会簿)would be publicized first time,which is an opportunity for the progressive research.So far as the collected data,the Zhahui(炸会)in Tunpu would be sorted from three aspects:the rules of resources-transferring、the kinds of resource and the mutual matters.Zhahui’s functions are summarized as:Centralizing and Redistributing funds、materials、human-resource and social-capital.