抑癌基因PDCD4和PDCD5在膀胱癌组织中的表达及临床意义

The expression and clinical significance of tumor suppressor genes PDCD4 and PDCD5 in bladder cancer tissue

目的 检测程序性细胞死亡因子4(programmed cell death 4,PDCD4)和程序性细胞死亡因子5(programmed cell death 5,PDCD5)在膀胱癌组织及癌旁非瘤组织中的表达情况,并根据不同组织学分级和TNM分期中PDCD4和PDCD5的表达情况探讨膀胱癌组织中PDCD4和PDCD5表达的变化及其在膀胱癌发生发展中的作用,并探讨其相关性,以寻找判断膀胱癌侵袭性及估计预后可靠的分子标记物和抗肿瘤治疗的新靶点。方法 收集2012年6月~2017年6月我院泌尿外科手术切除的膀胱癌组织及其配对的癌旁非瘤组织石蜡切片标本各60例。采用免疫组织化学两步法检测在膀胱癌及癌旁非瘤组织中的PDCD4及PDCD5蛋白的表达情况,并将PDCD4和PDCD5蛋白表达结果与膀胱癌的TNM分期、组织学分级和转移情况等进行相关性分析。结果 免疫组织化学结果显示,PDCD4蛋白和PDCD5蛋白在细胞核及细胞浆中均有表达。癌旁非瘤组织中PDCD4蛋白表达的阳性率为100.0%,高于膀胱癌组织中PDCD4蛋白表达的阳性率80.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PDCD4蛋白的表达与不同组织学分级、TNM分期、肿瘤大小和有无转移有关(P<0.05),与性别、年龄及组织学分类无关(P>0.05)。癌旁非瘤组织中PDCD5蛋白表达的阳性率为100.0%,高于膀胱癌组织中PDCD5蛋白表达的阳性率80.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PDCD5蛋白的表达与不同组织学分级、TNM分期、肿瘤大小和有无转移有关(P<0.05),与性别、年龄及组织学分类无关(P>0.05)。PDCD4蛋白和PDCD5蛋白在膀胱癌组织中的表达呈正相关(r=0.748,P<0.001)。结论 PDCD4基因和PDCD5基因均可能是膀胱癌组织表达的重要负性调控因子;PDCD4基因和PDCD5基因有望成为判断膀胱癌侵袭性和估计预后的重要生物学参考指标,而且随着研究的不断深入,将有可能成为抗肿瘤治疗的新靶点。

Objective To investigate the expression of PDCD4 and PDCD5 on the occurrence and development of bladder cancer tissue and non-neoplastic tissue of the bladder,explore the change of expression and effect to find the molecular markers and new targets for antitumor therapy for estimating the aggressiveness and prognosis of bladder cancer.Methods Collected 60 paraffin tissue specimens of bladder cancer tissue in our hospital from Jun 2012 to Jun 2017,additionally 60 non-neoplastil tissue of the bladder as control group.The specimens accepted the two-step immunohistochemistry method by hematoxylin and eosin tain.Then analysed the associations between the differential expression of PDCD4 and PDCD5 and TNM stage,histological grade and metastasis.Results The results of immunohistochemistry staining showed that PDCD4 and PDCD5 were both located in nucleus and cytoplasm.PDCD4 was expressed in all normal tissues(100.0%),the positive rate in the cancer tissues was 80.0%,there was significant difference between them(P<0.05).And there were significant difference between the expression of PDCD4 and histological grade,TNM stage,tumor size and metastasis(P<0.05),but no difference with gender,age and histological classification(P>0.05).The positive expression rate of PDCD5 in non-neoplastic tissue was 100.0%,which was significantly higher than that in cancer tissue(80.0%),P<0.05.Moreover,a significant positive correlation was found between the expression of PDCD4 and PDCD5 in bladder cancer tissue(r=0.748,P<0.05).Conclusion PDCD4 and PDCD5 are important negative apoptosis regulating factors in the occurrence of bladder cancer tissue.PDCD4 and PDCD5 are expected to become important indicators in evaluating the biological behavior of bladder cancer tissue such as invasion and prognosis,and they may become the new targets of anticancer therapy as the study goes on.