也说唐诗中的比喻词“类”

On Figurative Word “Lei” in the Poems of Tang Dynasty

“类”用作比喻词在唐诗中较普遍。我们从唐诗中搜集到100个含“类”的诗句进行定性定量分析,认为“类”可以出现在唐诗偶式诗句的上句(前句)和下句(后句)中的不同位置上;“类”所连接的成分(喻体)有单音节、双音节和三音节名词,有动词,还有不同的短语,“类”前可受副词等的修饰;“类”可以和其他比喻词组配使用,具有与其他比喻词功能同化、交错配置、巧妙勾连喻体和组构简明的比喻格式等语用价值;“类”是汉语比喻词词群中的重要成员。

The word“lei”(类:means“seem”)as a figurative word is common in the poems of Tang Dynasty.A qualitative and quantitative analysis of 100 verses containing“lei”from the poems of Tang Dynasty shows that the word“lei”can appear in different positions in the first sentence(preceding sentence)and the second sentence(following sentence)of a couplet.The parts(metaphor)concerned by the word“lei”fall into such words as monosyllabic,disyllabic,and trisyllabic nouns,verbs and phrases,before which can be modified by adverb words.Besides,it can collocate with other figurative words and has some pragmatic values such as functional assimilation with other figurative words,staggered configuration,clever linking of figurative bodies and concise figurative forms.Last,it is a key word in the group of figurative words.