化石原料制氢技术发展现状与经济性分析

Status and economic analysis of hydrogen production technology from fossil raw materials

对煤制氢、天然气制氢、甲醇制氢以及工业副产回收氢气等化石原料制氢技术发展现状进行了详细分析,研究对比了几种化石原料制氢技术的生产成本与经济性,并对化石原料制氢产业发展前景进行了深入思考,总体认为:煤制氢具有资源成本优势,是实现大规模制氢的首选技术;天然气制氢发展潜力大,但目前存在资源约束和成本较高的问题;工业副产回收氢气是未来颇具发展潜力的制氢方式;甲醇制氢规模灵活,但存在设备成本高、稳定性较差等不足。在当前太阳能等新能源制氢技术尚未成熟的现实条件下,化石原料制氢必将担当主要角色,未来氢能产业必将是化石原料制氢与电解水制氢、新能源制氢多种方式共存、多元化发展的供给格局。

The development status of hydrogen production technology from coal, natural gas, methanol and hydrogen recovery from industrial byproducts was analyzed in detail. The production cost and economy of several hydrogen production technologies from fossil raw materials were studied and compared, and the development prospect of hydrogen production technology from fossil raw materials was deeply considered. The conclusion was that coal hydrogen production technology had excellent resources.Coal-based hydrogen production was the preferred technology for large-scale hydrogen production because of its potential and cost advantages. Natural gas-based hydrogen production had great development potential, but there were problems of resource constraints and high cost. By-product hydrogen recovery was a potential hydrogen production mode in the future. Methanol-based hydrogen production was flexible in scale, but it had shortcomings of high equipment cost and poor stability. Under the current situation that new energy hydrogen production technologies such as solar energy were not yet mature, hydrogen production from fossil raw materials will play a major role. In the future, hydrogen industry will be the supply pattern of coexistence and diversified development of various ways of hydrogen production from fossil raw materials, electrolytic water and new energy.