园林植物科学名称的规范化使用探讨——以沿阶草属和山麦冬属为例

Discussion on the Standardized Use of Scientific Names of Garden Plants——Taking the Genera Ophiopogon Ker Gawl. and Liriope Lour. for Example

科学名称的规范化是园林植物正确应用的基本前提。本研究以沿阶草属和山麦冬属为例,系统探讨了该二属部分重要宿根花卉在科学名称使用上的严重错误。其中,麦冬与沿阶草是不同的物种,在江浙沪等江南区域频繁使用者均为麦冬,而沿阶草则是分布在我国西南、西北等地区的野生草本花卉。因麦冬中文别名与沿阶草“正名”相重叠,两者不宜混用。山麦冬与麦冬不同属,不宜将山麦冬简称为麦冬。“兰花三七”的应用非常频繁,其分类定性有4种推测,暂无广泛接受的定论。植物分类系统(APG)已经被广泛地应用在林学、植物学等相关学科的科研与教学中,其是否应当在园林专业的植物教学和应用中获得推广,是值得园林行业内展开讨论的问题。

The standardization of the scientific names is the fundamental precondition for the correct application of landscape and garden plants.In this study,partial essential perennials of the genera Ophiopogon Ker Gawl.and Liriope Lour were taken as representative examples to show and analyze the serious errors systematically in the use of scientific names,and then to reemphasize the importance of the standardized use of plant names.Among them,O.japonicus(L.f.)Ker-Gawl is an entirely different species with O.bodinieri Levl.,and it is commonly used in the east region of China,such as Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai,while O.bodinieri is a wild herbaceous flower which mainly distributes in the southwest and northwest regions of China.It is not advisable to mix the two due to the overlapping of the formal Chinese name of O.bodinieri and an informal Chinese name of O.japonicus.The species of L.spicata(Thunb.)Lour.and O.japonicus belong to the same family but different genera.Therefore,the Chinese name“Shan Maidong”of L.spicata should not be used or referred to as“Maidong”for short,which is the formal Chinese name of O.japonicus.“Orchid notoginseng”is applied very frequently and its classification have four speculations,yet any of them is widely accepted.The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group(APG)classification system has been widely used in scientific research and teaching in forestry,botany,and other related disciplines.Whether it should be adopted in the teaching and application of landscape and garden plants is worthy of discussion in the landscape and gardening industry problem.