魏晋南北朝时期灾异的处理对策

Countermeasures for Disasters in the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties

魏晋南北朝是灾异多发期,处理灾异便成为这一时期朝政的一个重要方面。在处理灾异方面,魏晋南北朝各政权采取两种措施,一类是举贤纳谏、治理刑狱、赈济灾民、弛山泽之禁等务实性措施;另一类措施就是务虚性措施,如下罪己诏、转嫁灾祸、听取直言、减少用度等。灾异说在限制君权、与民休息等方面起到积极作用。

The Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties are the period of multiple disasters.Disaster treatment was an important aspect of state during this period.In dealing with the disasters,the governments of the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties took two kinds of measures,namely,virtuous governance and penalty remonstrance in relieving the victims and relaxation of mountains and rivers ban and other pragmatic measures.The other kind of measures are the measures of seeking emptiness,such as self-punishment,passing on disasters,listening to the blunt words,reducing the cost,etc.The theory of disaster and heresy plays an active role in restricting the monarchy’s power and resting with the people.