少数族裔群体对美国外交决策的影响——以美国对土耳其武器禁运为例

The Influence of Ethnic Minority Groups on American Foreign Policy-Making——A Case Study on US Arms Embargo on Turkey

美国是一个民族众多的移民国家,众多的少数民族造就了众多的少数民族族裔群体,他们对美国社会的方方面面都产生着影响。少数族裔与自己母国之间千丝万缕的联系使其在自己母国利益受损时,以不惜影响美国外交决策、牺牲美国利益来维护其母国利益。而美国三权分立的政治体制又为少数族裔群体表达自己的诉求提供了条件。1975年,在希腊裔少数族群的推动下,美国国会不顾政府反对通过了对土耳其实施武器禁运的法案,这一事件对七八十年代的美土关系产生了极为不利的影响,同时也说明少数族裔群体是美国对外决策中的一个不稳定因素。

The United States is a country with many ethnic immigrants.Many ethnic minorities have created a large number of ethnic minority groups,and they have almost impact on every aspect of American society.The inextricable links between ethnic minorities and their home countries makes them with no hesitate to influence US foreign policy decisions and sacrifice US interests to safeguard their home country interests when suffering losses.The separate political system of the United States provides conditions for minority groups to express their own demands.In 1975,under the impetus of the Greek minority,the US Congress passed the bill of the arms embargo on Turkey in disregard of the government’s opposition.This incident had a very negative impact on the US-Turkey relationship in the 1970s and 1980s.It also revealed that the ethnic minority groups have already to be an unstable factor in US foreign decision-making.