爆炸性武器生物杀伤效应评估方法及应用

Method for Evaluation of Biological Damage Effect of Explosive Weapons and Its Application

爆炸性武器是现代战争的主要杀伤性武器,对生物体的主要杀伤因素包括爆炸冲击波、破片、冲击振动等,生物杀伤效应评估是爆炸性武器研发、改进、定型及作战威力评估的重要内容。生物杀伤效应评估技术方法是开展科学评估的基础,从评估模式上可分为实战化评估、动态毁伤评估、静态毁伤评估3种;从评估的模型上可分为实验动物模型、等效模型、假人模型、数字化模型4种。各种不同的评估模式与方法各有优缺点,也有不同的应用范围,正确选择与应用这些方法,对科学准确地评估生物杀伤相应具有十分重要的意义。

Explosive weapons are the main lethal weapons in modern warfare.The main killing factors include blast shock wave,fragments,shock vibration and so on.The evaluation method of biological damage effect is the foundation of scientific evaluation,and can be divided into three types:actual combat assessment,dynamic damage assessment,and static damage assessment.The assessment models can be divided into four categories:experimental animal model,equivalent model,dummy model,and digital model.Different evaluation models and methods have their own advantages and disadvantages,as well as different application areas.Correct selection and application of weapon effect assessment methods are of great significance to scientific and accurate evaluation.