暗流之下:黄庭坚与王安石诗文的内在关系

Under the Undercurrent: The Internal Relationship Between Huang Tingjian’s and Wang Anshi’s Poems

宋代著名诗人黄庭坚在拜入苏门之前就已经形成了风格鲜明的“山谷体”,其宗法杜甫已有成说,而他在诗歌创作中所受王安石的影响,尚未被彻底揭示。黄庭坚自少年时起就十分推崇王安石,初入仕途时亦得其知遇,在家世关系中与王安石也颇有渊源,其年少丧父、才高孤傲的经历也与王安石极其相似,所以他对王安石始终怀有特殊的感情,并最终选择了王安石作为其学习、模仿的对象。他不仅大量仿写王安石的诗作,其深拗劲峭的风格、新奇工巧的技法,乃至从诗歌创作中映射出的怀疑、开拓的人格精神,都与王安石有一脉相承之处,这不但影响了“山谷体”的形成,更对宋调诗歌风格的确立产生了深远的影响。

Huang Tingjian,a famous poet in the Song dynasty,had his distinctive style,“Shan Gu Ti山谷体”,before he became Su Shi's student.Although the principle of this style had been discussed earlier by a famous poet in Tang Dynasty,Du Fu,the influence of Wang Anshi on Huang's poetry creation had not been fully revealed.Huang Tingjian had been admiring Wang Anshi since he was young,and been favored by Wang Anshi when he entered his official career.What's more,the family relationship of Huang was extremely similar with that of Wang Anshi in that their fathers died when they were teenagers,and that they both had high talent as well as“aloof”personalities.Consequently,Huang had some special feelings for Wang,and finally viewed Wang Anshi as his learning model.Many of Huang Tingjian's poems were a result of imitating and inheriting Wang Anshi,not only in these poems'profound style and creative skills,but also in their suspicion and pioneering personality spirit.Huang's practices in poetry creation not only affected the development of Shan Gu Ti,but also had a profound influence on the style of Song poetry.