母性应激对母性行为和心理功能的影响

Effects of maternal stress on maternal behavior and psychological function

成为母亲对女性而言是人生经历的特殊阶段,她们在这个阶段发生的生理和心理的适应性改变对其自身和子代健康具有重要意义。母性应激是阻碍母亲适应性改变顺利进行的重要因素。母性应激会破坏人类母亲和雌性哺乳动物的母性行为、认知功能和情绪调节,这种影响与糖皮质激素、催产素、催乳素等内分泌系统的调节失常;母性环路、边缘系统及前额叶皮质等神经环路对刺激的神经反应改变以及神经发生、树突和突触重塑的可塑性变化有关。

Transition to motherhood can be a challenging time in a woman’s life,during which she may experience numerous physiological and psychological changes.These normal adaptations,which are essential for the survival and health of the mother and offspring,may be disrupted by maternal stress.Maternal stress can impair maternal behavior,cognitive function and emotional regulation in human mothers and female animals.These disruptive effects are related to the dysregulation of endocrine systems such as glucocorticoids,oxytocin and prolactin,and changes of neurological responses to stimuli involving the maternal circuitry,limbic system and prefrontal cortex.Maternal stress could also impair maternal behavior and psychological function by altering the plasticity of neurogenesis,dendrite and synaptic remodeling.