饥饿对认知与社会行为的影响及其机制

The effect of hunger on cognition and social behavior and its mechanism

从心理学视角综述了饥饿对个体认知与社会行为的广泛影响。饥饿会损害一般认知功能,潜在导致决策与认知偏差,并引发道德判断标准降低、社会态度改变以及攻击行为增加等现象。在以往研究的基础上,总结出饥饿影响认知与社会行为内在机制的三种假说:自我损耗说、认知激活说以及协调机制说。最后,指出当前研究存在着饥饿主观感受差异、测量方法不够准确等问题,未来研究需要提高饥饿的测量效度,从生理、心理、社会等多个层面对饥饿影响的机制进行深入探讨。

The effect of hunger on individual cognition and social behavior was reviewed based on the psychological perspective.Hunger has been related to impaired general cognitive function,biased cognition and decision-making.Other literature has evidenced that hunger can alter social attitude,reduce moral judgment standard and induce aggressive behavior.Three hypotheses discussed in previous literature were summarized:ego-depletion hypothesis,cognitive activation hypothesis and coordination mechanism hypothesis,all of which attempt to explain the psychological mechanism driving the effects of hunger.Upon evaluating the literature,it can be pointed out that existing researches have problems such as different subjective feelings of hunger,inaccurate measurement methods.Thus,a suggestion for future research is to focus on how to improve the validity of hunger measurement and explore the internal mechanism of hunger effect on the multiple physiological,psychological and social layers.