中国科学家角色流变、拓展及迭加探析

Analysis of Role Transformation, Expansion and Interaction of Chinese Scientists

随着中国科学家职业化发展条件的成熟,科学家的社会地位、角色内容和角色疆界都有不同程度的发展变化,尤其是当代科学家的角色内容和角色疆界都有极大的丰富和拓展。文章考察了中国科学家从古代角色依附到近代角色转型独立的历史流变过程,分析了科学家在教育领域、咨参辅政、商业经济领域的角色拓展内容,以及科学家科研角色和非科研角色的迭加影响,提出避免角色干扰的策略建议,以期能为中国科学家的角色管理提供借鉴。

With the maturity of the conditions for the professionalism of Chinese scientists,the social status,role content and role types of scientists have been developed in different degrees,especially the role content and role types of scientists have been greatly enriched and expanded in the contemporary era.This paper examines the historical process of the transformation of Chinese scientists from role attachment in ancient times to role independence in modern times,and analyzes the role expansion of scientists in the fields of education,politics and business.The interaction between the research role and non-research role of the contemporary scientists is also studied,and the strategies to avoid the role interference are put forward.The study may provide reference for the research on role management of Chinese scientists.