燕赵傩舞文化认同与当代传承——武安《捉黄鬼》、曲周《聚英叉会》体育人类学考察

The Cultural Identity and Contemporary Inheritance of YAN Zhao's Nuo Dance with Investigation on Physical Anthropology of Wu’An’s“Catch the Yellow Ghost”and QU Zhou’s“Gathering Heroes to a Fork Party”

燕赵祭祀歌舞中的傩舞习俗与磁山文化相当,“禓”和“五祀”两类仪典为燕赵傩舞的形成提供了重要的文化因子;燕赵傩舞表演依然沿袭周代“大傩”涂脸、假面的遗痕,具有典型的商周傩文化遗风;其中武安《捉黄鬼》傩舞表演习俗已成为燕赵宗教祭祀、神鬼概念与社火仪式的象征,曲周傩舞《聚英叉会》习俗则具有典型的燕赵傩文化图吉利、避凶邪宗教意识。

The Nuo dance culture in the Yan and Zhao’s ritual dance is quite similar to that of the Cishan culture.The two kinds of rituals"禓"(a ritual to drive out the evil spirits)and"五祀"(a ritual to sacrifice five gods)provide an important cultural factor for the formation of Yan and Zhao’s Nuo dance.The performance of Yan and Zhao’s Nuo dance still follows the tradition of“Da Nuo”with painted face and mask in the Zhou Dynasty and has a typical style from Shang and Zhou Dynasty.The Nuo dance of“Catch the Yellow Ghost”has become a symbol of religious sacrifice,and"Gathering Heroes To A Fork Paty”is typical of Yan and Zhao’s Nuo culture that pursue good fortune and avoid disaster.