中澳粮食产品贸易现状及竞争性与互补性分析和展望

Analysis on the Status Quo, Competitiveness and Complementarity of China-Australia Grain Products Trade and Its Prospect

截取2007-2017年WITS数据库统计数据,采用产品相似度指数、显示性比较优势指数、贸易互补性指数对中澳粮食产品贸易现状及竞争性与互补性展开分析。中国在中澳粮食贸易中常年处于逆差地位;中澳两国粮食出口结构的相似程度较小,竞争性较小,互补性较大;中澳两国粮食贸易具有很大的差异性,其中澳大利亚在谷物、豆类中具有比较优势,中国在谷物和豆类中处于比较劣势,但薯类贸易强于澳大利亚;中澳粮食贸易存在一定的互补性,尤其是当澳大利亚作为出口国时,两国的粮食产品互补程度较高,两国粮食产品进出口结构较为吻合。最后,对中澳粮食产品贸易前景进行了展望。

This paper used the 2007-2017 WITS statistics data to analyze the grain trade between China and Australia. Based on the analysis of the status quo of grain trade between the two countries, this paper further analyzed the trade structure of grain products by calculating the product similarity index, the revealed comparative advantage index and the trade complementarity index. China is in a deficit position in grain trade.The similarity and competitiveness of the grain export structure of the two countries are small, but they are highly complementary. The grain trade between the two countries is very different. Australia has a comparative advantage in cereals and beans, while China has a comparative disadvantage in grains and beans, but the potato trade is better than Australia. When Australia is an exporter, the import and export structure of grain products is consistent with China, and the complementarity degree of grain products bwtween the two countries is high.Finally, the future prospect of grain trade between China and Australia was put forward.